Wednesday, October 29, 2008

Muddiest Point #5

How and why is XML "easier" to use than DTD?

Reading Notes, Week 9

Introducing the Extensible Markup Language (XML)

Yet again, here's another article that uses lingo unfamiliar to me, but, I suppose, I'm familiar enough to follow along. For instance, I've seen XML or HTML before and know what their acronyms stand for, but I don't really have much knowledge about what they "do." This makes it very difficult to contextualize the importance of these things.

Anyway, the article attempts to make that problem go away by explaining step-by-step how and why, for example, XML works. To illustrate, XML "bring multiple files together to form compound documents." Well, at this point, at least, I can make a distinction between XML and HTML.

I'm anxious to see if this article will help me with assignment 6, although I think we're using HTML.



A Survey of XML Standards: Part 1

"The world of XML is vast and growing, with a huge variety of standards and technologies that interact in complex ways. It can be difficult for beginners to navigate the most important aspects of XML, and for users to keep track of new entries and changes in the space."

Great. Well, I'm certainly a beginner (although I did make a webpage once, about 8 years ago, when I was a freshman undergrad). However, I would have been better off reading this page first. It has a better overview of XML, and made reading "Introducing the Extensible Markup Language (XML)" a little more understandable, especially with all the links and tutorials available.



Extending Your Markup: An XML Tutorial

This article is much better written for the layperson. The XML Resources section of the article also gave a nice overview of where to go for more XML information. I also think this statement seems important, yet somewhat implicitly ignored: "Of course software that supports XML is essential. Because existing standards continue to develop and new ones constantly arise, many tools support only parts of some specifications. An excellent overview of existing systems and tools can be found at http://xmlsoftware.com."



XML Schema Tutorial

This was also a good tutorial, because it explained what you needed to know when and why, and provided the links to further understand key concepts and applications. Myself, I had to go to the DTD tutorial first to gain a better understanding (DTD still isn't all that clear, but this site made it a lot more comprehensible).

Anyway, it makes more sense to see that XML is a replacement for DTD, adding context to the problem. One problem, however, is that this tutorial doesn't explain why it's "easier" to use. What does the author mean by "easier" anyway? I'm not sure that the examples and references show that very well, although they are very simple to understand. Once I got to the Complex Elements and Types sections, etc, though, I got a little lost again - but this is due to my, obviously, incomplete comprehension of the subject matter.

To conclude, I think it's clear I have to tutor myself a little better on this stuff. I get most of it, initially, but then I tend to get bogged down in details that I don't really understand well enough to comment on, other than to say "Okay, I get this part, but how do I connect the part of which I have an elementary understanding to the part I don't really understand at all?"

Friday, October 17, 2008

Muddiest Point #4

This is from the class lecture: Can someone further explain the "dot com bubble" and why that "bubble" burst? Beyond that, what are the ramifications for Internet access, if there are any?

Friday, September 26, 2008

Muddiest Point #3

I think we're all familiar enough with PANs, LANs and CANs because of personal use, but I think it would be beneficial to the class if we went over MANs, WANs and GANs as they relate to LIS professions.

Reading Notes, Week 6

Local Area Network

The wikipedia article was basic enough I could understand it. Besides, if you've used the internet at any time in your life, you should probably have an idea of what LAN means. Of course, being literate enough to take this class and do well only takes you so far; I wasn't aware of the technologies encompassing LANs. For example, I've used Ethernet and WiFi, but I've never even heard of Token Ring or how it works. I assume that it's similar, in some way, to internet access afforded to those using Ethernet and WiFi (Okay, it does. I just read the link).

The history covered in this article was interesting, but I would wanted to read more about the future of LANs.



Computer Network

This article doesn't seem to differ too much from the prior article in the sense that we're still discussing a connected system. The connection systems appear to be very much the same. The differentiation between the area networks (e.g. PAN, LAN, CAN, etc) was helpful because it gave us a sense of how varied connected networks can be.

The "basic hardware components" were a little less clear, but I attribute that to the terminology. For example, I know what a router is (you need to if you have internet at home), but I never understood it in the detail given by wikipedia - and I'm not sure that I should.



Common Types of Computer Networks

Interesting - Instead of PAN, I thought LAN would be the most common type of network. Of course, this makes sense. I didn't really think of it on the level given by the man in the youtube video. But, of course, my computer transferring information to my printer is an example, although I still think I use my LAN more than my PAN since I'm using the internet probably more than anything else on my PC.



Management of RFID in Libraries

RFID is an acronym I'm familiar with, mostly because of the paranoia that seems to inherently follow it's name and purpose. After all, any time radio waves are used to track something (hopefully not free adults unless, of course, they want that), then people tend to scared.

Anyway, it's good to know that RFID is used for many reasons, which Coyle presents here in her article. For example, "to identify drugs and counterfeiting" or "to track animals on farms or identify lost pets," but what we're talking about here is RFID's usefulness in libraries. Not surprisingly (see rest of blog), there are privacy concerns here as well. Coyle makes a key and, I think, appropriate comparison barcodes. Barcodes are now, and have been for years, the way we pay for almost anything. I'm sure about the tracking system of the bar codes (or if there even is one, which I don't think there is), but it's worth mentioning that there was a subgroup of citizens fearful of barcodes for exact reasons they are fearful of RFID - privacy. Is this just another "sky is falling" reaction?

Maybe it is, but Coyne gives us the distinction in cost. RFID might not be used to purchase anything as a result of cost (again, though, paranoia. Some think we'll be chipped with RFID in order to buy anything, but that's another story), yet it would be cost-efficient, perhaps, in libraries since books are checked out and returned. I'm not so sure, though. Many books stay on the shelves for years, which would probably offset any of the cost savings of implementing RFID. Inventory, however, should be considered.

RFID may be convenient, but, as Coyle states, it could cut out the "human factor" that I think we need.







Thursday, September 11, 2008

Reading Notes, Week Four

Database (Wikipedia)

A database seems pretty self-explanatory. Going through the different operating systems, however, has made me realize more acutely than before just how much they can differ (i.e. the database model).

Not surprisingly, IBM was one of the first companies to further the models we're not familiar with. Ironically, the closer the article got the present, the more confused I became. Words like PostgreSQL and MySQl, if they can be called words, are totally foreign to me, but I do know what an open source database is. Although I'm functioning computer illiterate (at least by the standards of this class), I am intrigued by open source databases. If someone could explain them a little better, that would be great. Until then, I'll be checking the Wikipedia article and probably the idea of the Free Culture movement.

Honestly, I think this is one of the more interesting and understandable articles we've read, probably because most of us are at least familiar with some type of database. What makes it more difficult to understand is due to the sheer number of databases.


Introduction to Metadata: Setting the Stage

Anytime the word 'meta' is used, you know it's going to have some convolution, and this article is no exception. Luckily, Gilliland provides some context, providing what she calls a "big picture" of "the sum total of what one can say about any information object." Additionally, she provides the three feature of information objects: Content, context, and structure. Of course, it was helpful to provide library terms we all use or may use. For example, when I work at CCAC, we use MARC fairly often, and I didn't know what the acronym stood for until now (I guess I could have been a little less lazy and looked it up).

In my opinion, this article was very helpful in terms of career relevance, because it provided good examples of how and why we must organize material for our patrons, and how the concept of metadata helps us accomplish that feat.


An Overview of the Dublin Core Data Model

Miller's article is almost ten years old and he admits that it's a work in progress, but I think that having an article this old might help me better understand some concepts here since, at the time, it was fairly new to everybody as it is to me now.

The DCMI seems comparable to an open source model. Is this correct in any way? Apparently its purpose is to be open to a large population, but I don't know if this makes it "open source" at all. If it's not open source, is it simply a model that usable, or attempts to be more usable, for everyone else?

"When we write a sentence in natural language we use words that are meant to convey a certain meaning. That meaning is crucial to how humans understanding the statements and, in the case of applications on the web, is critical to establishing that the correct processing occurs as intended. It is very important that both the writer and the reader of a statement understand the same meaning for the terms used, such as 'Creator', 'approvedBy', 'Copyright', etc. or confusion will result. In a medium of global scale such as the World Wide Web it is not sufficient to rely on shared cultural understanding of concepts such as "creatorship"; it pays to be as precise as possible. [RDFMS]" No kidding. I think this a huge problem, actually, when it comes to making the public (heck, even students) into savvy, or even competent, users. Not that everyone needs to understand how to create a database or comprehend the fine intricacies of metadata, but in order for any database to be usable, there needs to be a vernacular that's friendly to all users if for no better reason than it makes it easier to study.

Muddiest Point #2

Although I have defragged my computer, I only did it the past because my old computer forced me to...I didn't really understand why, except that I needed more space (I think). Anyway, two points:

1. When you decide to defrag a computer, how you be sure that a needed file won't be moved to a place you can't find it or, worse, erased?

2. Why does the space between two given files make a computer run slower?

Thursday, September 4, 2008

Reading Notes, Week 3

Introduction to Linux: A Hands on Guide

I know the word 'Linux,' but that's about it. As someone whom others will say finds comfort in structure and routine, then perhaps it will be appreciated how much I appreciated an article about a system I know next to nothing about...except for those commercials that came out several years ago.

Anyway, since I'm doing this whole library thing, here's what grabbed my attention:

-Obviously, I'm beginning to see how important linux is. "It is also worth to note that modern Linux not only runs on workstations, mid- and high-end servers, but also on "gadgets" like PDA's, mobiles, a shipload of embedded applications and even on experimental wristwatches. This makes Linux the only operating system in the world covering such a wide range of hardware." However, what was the alternative to linux? I'm assuming (though I can't be sure) that another operating system would have been today's linux.

-"Whether Linux is difficult to learn depends on the person you're asking." That's certainly true. But - "[e]xperienced UNIX users will say no, because Linux is an ideal operating system for power-users and programmers, because it has been and is being developed by such people." That's comforting. Logically, that makes a lot of sense, although I have my doubts because such an undertaking doesn't account for user efficiency, I think, since everyone seems to have their own whims. Still, it's made me more open to using a linux operating system since the, apparently, main developers don't have the attitude of Nick Burns (see: RTFM).

-Taking a turn for the worse, I found section 1.3.2 to be almost too technical.

-""Quot capites, tot rationes", as the Romans already said: the more people, the more opinions. At first glance, the amount of Linux distributions can be frightening, or ridiculous, depending on your point of view." Precisely my point earlier. I may be able to find everything I need, but suspect there's more to learning the system then that. Also, obsessive as I am, I'd still feel in the dark if I didn't know everything about it.

-After reading this article, I'm not sure I feel more like I'm more of a novice or better informed. I'll have to read further in-depth and, more importantly, brush up on technical terms that I still don't have a full grasp on.

Mac OS X

-This article was a little easier to understand...less formal and better written for the layperson.

-I still use the standard PC Windows computer. It's what I'm used to. However, I'm meeting more and more people who swear by Macs; after reading this article, I'm not sure why. It's still a relatively new system for me to learn, although I'm more familiar with it than I am any other system outside of the Microsoft applications.

-The "architecture" section is just as technical as the most technical parts of the prior article, although, like I said, I'm a little more familiar with the terminology, so that makes it easier.

-"Life is still much better for a developer on Windows than on Mac OS X - no matter what one might think of the usability, etc. of Windows. Apple has been trying to improve things for developers lately, which is a good sign." Although I really don't know for sure, I can only concur with this statement. The author does state that Apple is improving in this area, though. If you're a Mac user, I'd really like to hear more about this and why you've chosen a Mac. Some of this is answered in the conclusion.

-Although I mainly commented on the first Mac OS X article, I found the wikipedia entry easier to digest and more organized in a way that I could understand it.

An Update on the Windows Roadmap

-As you could probably tell from my notes above, this article makes much more sense. I must say, though, that I don't care for Vista. I much prefer XP - many of the functions shut down. For example, if I'm running Internet Explorer (I haven't used Mozilla on Vista yet) and the program doesn't respond, and have more than one window up, Vista automatically shuts down all open windows, which is extremely frustrating. If I donated a nickel to PITT every time I cursed when this happened, I could probably pay for my tuition this semester. The only reason I have Vista is because I just bought my laptop about year ago, and it was on there instead of XP.

-Hmmm, apparently I can go back to XP for free? According to the article, there are more advantages to owning Vista, but I can't see any appreciable differences outside of the better video. Again, I probably don't use my computer enough beyond the basic capabilities of any usable system, but perhaps Vista is worth the problems right now. My level of literacy allows me to accomplish what I want with ease, though I'd be interested in hearing what I'm missing and how it could make my life easier.

-Like the article says, I find Vista compatible with other applications of the past....at least the ones I've used.

-By the end of the article, I'm not sure if I should go back to XP. Microsoft only supports it until 2014, and if they're continuing to make improvements to Vista, then I guess wouldn't mind keeping it. As far as looks are concerned, I like that better, but I'm still convinced XP is the way to go. Until it gets better, I might just have to look forward to Windows 7.

Friday, August 29, 2008

Comments/Answers, Week 2

https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=8421851107878997612&postID=8172419409177068357

https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=271112965323219834&postID=2858989398361168345

Reading Notes, Week 2

Computer Hardware

-I found it of interest that "the computer hardware familiar to most people, form only a small minority of computers (about 0.2% of all new computers produced in 2003). " This is an amazing statistic when considering the relatively small size of today's computers. This also brings up the question of how much computers really needs to be understood in order for them to be useful to its maximum effciency. Not surprisingly, PCs are the are at the top of the list.

-I will be a challenge to remember all the terms, mostly the acronyms, used when referring to computer hardware. I take it that we won't have to memorize all, or even most, of these terms

Moore's Law

Due to all the arcane language, this is a difficult article to understand but I'll try to do my best. The section of the article I found the most interesting, probably because it's apocalyptic, is the ultimate limits of the law. Eventually, the rate at which transistors are increasing will not be able to sustain itself. What does this hold for the future? Obviously, Moore's Law will cease a predictive indicator for the currents fields in which it is used, but how will it be used for other rapidly advancing technology? There must be other types of technology where the this law is, at least, referred to tangentially.

I would like to see this concept explored more in depth in class (beyond the two minute video - which at least used the folding paper analogy. That made it a little easier to understand). It's fascinating, even by the layperson's point of view, but it needs to broken down so that we can understand the impact it has on computers and the flow of information. Why, exactly, is it so crucial that transistors have been produced to nearly the size of atoms? I'm not sure the article makes this clear.

Computer History Museum

The CHM helps from the standpoint of a timeline. Under the internet history link (http://www.computerhistory.org/internet_history/), one can really get a feel for how much we've advanced (although the information available, rightfully, is basic). This makes it easier to put in context, say, Moore's Law.

Also, I think the youtube channel makes it easier to digest to information, at least among younger generations. But, then again, they'll already understand computers more than those who prefer to read for information anyway. I count myself among the latter group (though I'm still in my 20's).

Comments/Answers, Week 1

https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=2759599872455292147&postID=3749483808801200002

https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=8117231295550149245&postID=1547527164651317855

Wednesday, August 27, 2008

Reading Notes, Week 1

Two things about the OCLC article:

First, having bold keywords is helpful, especially if you're unfamiliar with the terms. For example, "perfect content wave" or "format agnostic."

Second, speaking of format agnostic, I am agnostic that consumers don't care what the format their content comes from. Maybe it's just the librarian in me, but I prefer to obtain my information through book or periodical...something in my hands...but, yes, of course, having e-books is a luxury that should someday be easily accessible by the entire public. But at what cost? Hopefully the physical books won't ever become obsolete even if something like ebooks become the main mode of transferring information.

In any event, it seems obvious that the need for information professionals will only increase, because as many different modes of obtaining information develop, and the demand for information increases, it will become necessary to have professional help the public wade through these layers of obfuscation and access information as quickly, and efficiently, as possible.


Lied Library @ Four Years: Technology Never Stands Still

The author states that "[i]nitial equipment and software purchases are a huge expense for any new library" and "Lied Library is constantly evolving to meet user needs and expectations, and funding has been challenging." Where do users earn their savvy? Is it at the library or at home or at work or somewhere else? What role, or responsibility, does the library community play in increasing the public's efficiency in using new technology? These questions are intended to pose a cost-benefit analysis of any library increasing its technology. The core mission of almost any library, as I see it, is to worry more about access to information than to build on technology just for technology's sake. For the time being, though, it appears that the technology of libraries like Lied Library are at a near even rate with the public's expectations - BUT - it is straining library staff. What can be done to mitigate this problem?


Information Literacy and Information Technology Literacy: New Components in the Curriculum for a Digital Culture

-Note: This article was written in 1998, so it's imperative to digest what has, and what hasn't, happened in the ten years since...

-Note: An important distinction between information technology literacy and information literacy is in sync with what we've learned in class. See slides.

"While immediately applicable skill-oriented training is very useful for
the short-term goal of gaining employment, it is extremely limited and
I would argue that students graduating from the educational system
with only these skills are poorly prepared for life in an information and
information technology intensive culture -- indeed they have in a real
sense been cheated."

-This may have been true in 1998, but is it true now? It is also unclear if the author is referring to high school or college students. In any case, I would argue, at least from the college level, most students are quite aware of the technology that will be included in their workplace. Then again, it may also be a generation gap that is the problem. For instance, I think a 40-year old recent graduate may still have to overcome some barriers that are simply second nature for the 22-year old graduate.

Tuesday, August 26, 2008

Muddiest Point #1

General confusion about weekly participation:

First, I understand that we need to post our reading notes on these blogs, but do we post our comments on the blogs themselves or on the discussion board? Either/or? Both?

Just to clarify, we are reading AND making notes (and commenting?) on the second week's readings by this Friday, correct? The readings assigned this week are to be read, and noted (and commented?), by Tuesday at 3?

I apologize if I'm making all of this more convoluted than it should be, but I am embarrassingly confused by these participation points.

Thanks for any comments.